EPA Advises Enhanced Public Engagement by WAPA Prior to Revoking St. Croix’s “Do Not Drink” Directive

A recent Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report, derived from November 2023’s water sampling in St. Croix, emphasizes the need for comprehensive public health measures. The EPA’s recommendations, based on a modest but focused sampling initiative, advocate for island-wide application. Key suggestions include the installation of point-of-use filters for consumers and the establishment of a low-flow flushing program by the Water and Power Authority (WAPA).

This sampling phase involved eleven residences, all previously identified with high lead levels in their water meters. The observed plumbing at these sites typically featured brass pipes connecting the main to the meter and PVC pipes leading into the homes. The EPA noted potential for elevated lead readings in this round, as prior samplings might have disturbed the meters.

Out of 119 samples, three exceeded the EPA’s lead threshold of 15 parts per billion, each from a different household. Additionally, 43 samples surpassed the secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) for iron. While not a direct health risk, high iron levels can impact water’s taste, color, and odor, contributing to St. Croix’s persistent “brown water” issue and possibly hindering treatment of other contaminants.

The EPA identified the primary lead source as leaching from WAPA’s brass plumbing components in the distribution system. Contributing factors include inadequate treatment of water in WAPA’s Richmond storage tank, leading to corrosivity, and recent drought conditions reducing system flushing. Other factors are chronic low pressure in certain areas and the local preference for cistern over metered water.

Despite these challenges, the EPA noted that the detected high lead levels at distribution meters are likely not reaching household taps. The agency suggests that lead in household water primarily originates from in-house plumbing.

The EPA’s recommendations are two-fold: for consumers and for WAPA/Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR). Residents using WAPA water should regularly clean their faucet aerators and employ certified lead removal filters for drinking and cooking purposes. Flushing at least 250 ml (about an 8 oz cup or bottle) after periods of inactivity over six hours is advised. Residents should also ensure compliance of their plumbing and fixtures with current standards, particularly focusing on pre-1986 fittings.

For WAPA and DPNR, the EPA recommends delaying the rescindment of the “do not drink” advisory until a comprehensive outreach and education program is in place. This program should focus on effective water flushing techniques and proper filter maintenance. Additionally, WAPA should return to routine monitoring under the Lead and Copper rule, optimize its corrosion control treatment, enhance its flushing program, inspect and rehabilitate storage tanks, and continue upgrading its infrastructure.

Governor Bryan and his administration have been proactive in addressing these concerns, working closely with WAPA and the EPA to ensure the health and safety of St. Croix’s residents. The Governor’s commitment to improving the island’s water quality and infrastructure demonstrates his dedication to the wellbeing of the community.