A year of continuous glucose monitoring pushed me to the edge - The Verge

MAHA is obsessed with these wearables — for all the wrong reasons.

Photography by Amelia Holowaty Krales / The Verge

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Daily life is different when you’re tracking glucose. A little over a year ago, I was on my way to a conference. My bags were packed, the Uber was on its way, but there was one last thing to do before I could head to the airport. Tearing open a small isopropyl alcohol wipe, I cleaned the skin on the back of my arm. After that, I applied a small applicator to the clean skin, doing my best to ignore the visible needle inside. I squeezed my eyes shut and pressed a button. It made a ka-thunk. I repeated the process on the other arm.

In my right arm, I now had a Dexcom Stelo. In the left, an Abbott Lingo. Both were over-the-counter continuous glucose monitors (CGM) that would monitor the rise and fall of my glucose levels. Opening my phone, I checked both the Dexcom and Abbott apps to make sure the CGMs were transmitting data. I made a mental note to check how high altitudes might impact readings. It crossed my mind that, to my surprise, I’d felt zero pain.

There was no urgent medical reason why I needed to track my glucose. I’m not a diabetic. My A1C levels — the metric that measures long-term blood sugar — have always been good. But glucose tracking isn’t just for diabetics anymore. On social media, you can see doctors, wellness influencers, biohackers, and athletes talking about CGM use. I just happen to test health tech, so I thought I’d give it a whirl for a few weeks and see if there was any benefit for a non-diabetic like myself using this tech.

Instead, I ended up spending over a year testing the devices, reading up on studies, speaking with researchers, and falling down rabbit holes. I bounced from doctor to doctor trying to figure out if there was actually something wrong with me — or the devices I was using.

The first “professional use” CGM was cleared by the Food and Drug Administration in 1999. Most people think these devices are used to track blood sugar, but that’s not entirely correct. Technically, they provide real-time glucose measurements from the interstitial fluid between your cells, just underneath your skin. Compared to traditional finger-stick tests, which directly measure blood sugar, CGMs can track glucose trends over an extended period of time.

Until 2024, CGMs required a prescription and were devices primarily used by Type 1 diabetics — people who produce little to no insulin. Now, both Dexcom and Abbott sell CGMs targeted at non-diabetics, prediabetics, and Type 2 diabetics who don’t rely on insulin. To differentiate, sometimes you’ll see companies market over-the-counter devices as “glucose biosensors.”

The benefits of using CGMs for prediabetics and Type 2 diabetics are clear. Unlike Type 1 diabetes, prediabetes and Type 2 tend to develop over time as the body becomes more resistant to insulin. If caught early enough, it can be “reversed” with lifestyle interventions like changes to diet and exercise. People with pre- and Type 2 diabetes also make up the overwhelming majority of cases in the US. According to the American Diabetes Association, as of 2021, Type 2 diabetics make up about 95 percent — or roughly 36 million — of the estimated 38.4 million Americans with diabetes. Meanwhile, about 98 million were estimated to have prediabetes. Put all that together, and a significant number of people could potentially learn a lot from using CGMs about how their dietary habits impact a legitimate metabolic condition.

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